However, it is more common to use the gerund if we are talking about the beginning of a long or habitual activity, but this form is not used after a progressive form of begin or start. Below are a few example sentences that each contain a present participle. Begin and start can be followed by gerund or infinitive structures usually with no real difference of meaning. A gerund is a verbal, which is a nonverb created from a verb.
In other words, it can be followed by all the grammatical pieces that can follow an ordinary bonafide verb. Subject the athletes enjoy exercising direct object they maintain endurance by running object of a preposition gerund phrases a gerund phrase is a group of words that includes a gerund and other words that complete its meaning. It can take on the role of a subject, direct object, subject complement, and object of. A gerund phrase will begin with a gerund, an ing word, and will include other modifiers andor objects. More specifically, a gerund is an action word verb that is acting as a noun. It can take on the role of a subject, direct object, subject complement, and object of preposition. The term verbal indicates that a gerund, like the other two kinds of verbals, is based on a verb and therefore expresses action or a state of being. Gerunds can work alone, or they can be banded together with other words to formulate a gerund phrase. Gerunds and infinitives can function as the subject of a sentence or the object of a verb.
A gerund phrase will begin with a gerund, an ing word, and will include other modifiers and or objects. We are going to take each of these separately in these worksheets. Laughing is a verb with an ing ending acting as a noun. The gerund must be used when a verb comes after a preposition. Copy and paste the gerund or gerund phrase for each sentence. When a gerund is followed by these pieces, it becomes a gerund phrase. In the second sentence, writing begins a gerund phrase that is the subject of the sentence. Gerundive phrase serving as the grammatical subject.
Apr 06, 2020 in the study of english grammar, the terms gerund and gerund phrase are some things youll need to know about if you want to master the language. Because the gerund is a verb form, it can take a direct object, a prepositional phrase, an adverb or an adverbial phrase. In the study of english grammar, the terms gerund and gerund phrase are some things youll need to know about if you want to master the language. His greatest asset, typing two hundred words per minute, has earned him a better position at the company. The gerund phrase is the direct object of finished. To determine whether a word in a sentence is a gerund, look at the words ending in ing in the sentence. In the middle of the semester, his history professor gave out an assignment, due in two weeks. Unlike a normal noun, a gerund maintains some verblike properties for example, a gerund can take a direct object and be modified with an adverb. Gerunds and infinitives yuri was in his first year at university, studying history. Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Find and underline the thirtyfive gerunds or gerund phrases. Gerunds a gerund is a verb form verbal always ending in ing that acts as a noun.
What meaning does the toverb structure have in sentences 15 and 20. To learn more about how gerund phrases are used in a sentence, try studying the examples below. If the word it replaces other words in addition to the gerund, then these make up the gerund phrase lester 177. The gerund phrase the gerund phrase consists of the gerund, which always ends in ing, and its modifiers and complements. George and martha now regret renting that vacation cabin in maine. A verbal is a word formed from a verb but functioning as a different part of speech, usually a noun. Underline the gerund or gerund phrases in the sentences below.
Following each of the sentences, choose how the gerund is used in the previous sentence. Using verb forms as subjects when functioning as the subject of a sentence, gerunds and infinitives always use a singular verb. The gerund always has the same function as a noun although it looks like a verb. A gerund is a verb that ends in ing, whereas a gerund phrase is the same thing but with modifiers or complements added in. In latin and english grammar, the gerund is a nonfinite verb form that can function as a noun. Page 1 of 15 verbals gerunds and participles gerunds. Gerunds common verbs followed by gerunds a gerund is a noun formed by taking a verb and adding the suffix ing.
The gerund phrase recognize a gerund phrase when you see one. A gerund phrase consists of a gerund and another word or other words. The hardest thing about learning english is understanding the gerund. Like a regular gerund, a gerund phrase always functions as a noun, and can act as a subject, direct object, indirect object, object of a preposition, or predicate nominative in a sentence. Gerunds are formed when an ing ending is added to a verb, and every infinitive is composed of to plus a verb. Could the following sentences from the reading be rewritten using the. Like a gerund, a gerund phrase functions as a noun. Gerunds are words that are formed from verbs but act as nouns. The gerund as the complement of the verb to be one of his duties is attending meetings.
In the first example, writing is a gerund used as the subject of the sentence. She considered applying for a post at that company. Gerund phrases always function as nouns, so they will be. Gerund serving as the direct object of the verb like. Miriams main leisure activity, exercising, keeps her fit and trim. Gerund and infinitive phrases university of texas at dallas. The gerund looks exactly the same as a present participle, but it is useful to understand the difference between the two. Gi003 gerund or infinitive fill in the correct form intermediate. Gerunds can have with them direct objects, predicate nominatives, predicate adjectives or modifiers to form what is called a gerund phrase.
Verbal gerund phrases display a mix of nominal and verbal properties. Gerund, definition, examples, uses, rules, exercise or. Learn gerunds list phrases with free interactive flashcards. The other words in a gerund phrase may be modifiers, such as prepositional phrases, objects, etc. Using verb forms as subjects when functioning as the subject of a sentence, gerunds and infinitives always use a. Then identify the gerunds function in the sentence as subject, direct object, subjective complement,object of preposition, or appositive. Gerund and infinitive phrases gerunds and infinitives are both verbals. Jogging for thirty minutes every day helps you lose weight. A gerund phrase is a phrase that begins with a gerund and includes objects or modifiers. Writing compositions proved highly beneficial to the students. Gerund, definition, examples of gerund, gerund exercise or worksheet, for students, for class 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, uses, rules, pdf definition. A gerund phrase consists of a gerund plus its modifiers. Words derived from verbs are known as verbals and may take modifiers, objects, and complements to form verbal phrases a gerund phrase uses the ing form of the verb to function as a noun. First, a gerund phrase begins with a gerundof course.
A gerund phrase will begin with gerund, and will include other modifiers andor objects. If this word can be replaced by the pronoun it, then the word is a gerund. Camping at coleto creek was the smith familys annual summer vacation. He was rather a lazy student, and he tended to avoid work whenever he could. In other languages, specifically dutch, italian, or russian, it is a verbal form that is similar to a present participle, but it functions as an adverb to form adverbial phrases or continuous tenses. Verbals gerunds, participles, infinitives gerunds a gerund is a verbal that ends in ing and functions as a noun. The gerund phrase is the object of the preposition after. Here, the gerund phrase is the subject of the verb is. These phrases are an excellent way to add detail to your writing to create a more vivid image. Pdf a constructional approach to english verbal gerunds. A gerund phrase is a phrase that begins with a gerund the ing form of a verb and includes objects or modifiers. Gerund, definition, examples, uses, rules, exercise or worksheet.
That means that they can be subjects, direct objects, objects of prepositions, predicate. Read them, think about what theyre saying, and decide whether the present participle is a gerund or not. Page 3 of 15 verbals gerunds and participles exercise on gerunds. Words that are formed from verbs but dont act as verbs are called verbals. A verbal is a verb form used as another part of speech. A gerund is a verb in its ing present participle form that functions as a noun that names an activity rather than a person or thing. Gerund is defined as a verbal form that functions as a verbal noun.
The english gerund ends in ing as in i enjoy playing basketball. Gerund and infinitive worksheets are in pdf format and consist of a worksheet and answer sheet to check your results. Gerund phrases always function as nouns, so they will be subjects, subject complements, or objects in the sent. Gerund phrases when gerunds combine with other words to form phrases, we have the gerund phrase. Define grammatical terms such as gerund, verbal, verb, noun and subject identify gerunds in a given sentence understand how gerund phrases are used with a modifier andor objects. Learn what gerund phrases are and how they function in a sentence through these everyday speech examples. For example, climbing is a gerund while climbing a tree is a gerund phrase. Page 1 of 15 verbals gerunds and participles gerunds a gerund is a verbal that ends in ing and functions as a noun. Jan 19, 2017 a gerund phrase will begin with gerund, and will include other modifiers andor objects.
Giving the baby so much candy was our first big mistake. Underline the gerund phrases in the sentences below. Is the gerund in the following sentencesquestions used as a subject, object or as a complement. Adjective and adverbs downloadable pdf worksheets for english language learners intermediate level b1 home b1 grammar gerund and infinitive gerund and infintive b1. A gerund phrase consists of a gerund an ing form of a verb, its modifiers, and its complements. A whole gerund phrase functions in a sentence just like a noun, and can act as a subject, an object, or a predicate nominative.
Pdf english verbal gerunds have long been of interest to syntacticians. Joseph hoped to obtain a job by learning the welding trade. My job is making reservations for overnight guests at the hotel. Underline the gerunds or gerund phrases in each sentence. A gerund phrase is a phrase consisting of a gerund and any modifiers or objects associated with it. A gerund is a verbal that always ends in ing and is used as a noun.
In this video were going to see the examples of gerund and gerund phrases as. Then on the line before each sentence, identify how the gerund or gerund phrase is used by writing s for subject, p. In this video were going to see the examples of gerund and gerund phrases as the subject of the sentence. Page 2 of 3 gerunds and infinitives doing what noun phrases do cloze exercise. Gerund phrases always function as nouns, so they will be subjects, subject complements, or objects in the sentence. Dec 03, 20 the english gerund ends in ing as in i enjoy playing basket in latin and english grammar, the gerund is a nonfinite verb form that can function as a noun. When you are finished, click the check my work button at the bottom. For example, it can act as the subject of a sentence, as a direct object, or as the object of a preposition. The gerund phrase is the subject of the verb takes. The most disastrous activity for women with long, curly hair is blowing huge bubble gum bubble with the car windows down piling a dozen heavy boxes on a wooden table is a disaster waiting to happen eating a glass of ice cubes on a summer day can be a great way to cool. Verbs and phrases followed by a gerund he apologized for being late. Gerund and infinitive phrases the university of texas at dallas. Loafing at the local drugstore sometimes seems a waste of.
Grammar lesson, learn how to use gerunds and gerund. The gerund phrase is the direct object of the verb hates. Underline the gerunds or gerund phrases in the following sentences and label how they function in the sentence subject, direct object, subject complement, object of preposition. A gerund is a noun made from a verb root plus ing a present participle. Check your answers by flipping to page 5 of this handout. Gerund phrases a gerund phrase consists of a gerund an ing form of a verb, its modifiers, and its complements. Gerund and infinitive pdf worksheets english vocabulary. In this english grammar lesson you will learn how to use gerunds and gerund phrases as subjects or objects in english. Choose from 500 different sets of gerunds list phrases flashcards on quizlet. Words that are formed from verbs but dont act as verbs are.